I have heard it is not good to use a live bamboo plant in my cages. Have you specifically checked out the approved plant list? I know some use dry bamboo branches for climbing...
Chamaedorea elegans is not known to be toxic to any animal. Nor cats or dogs neither chameleons. As far as I know, there's no toxic ingredient discovered inside these plants yet. Same says toxicology data base for animals from Zurich I researched to be sure.
Bamboo, which means Bambusae species scientifically named, contains cyanogenic glycosides. They're splitted enzymatically inside stomach, which produces prussic acid and therefore harms the animal. But Bambusae sp. is not Chamaedorea sp., they're two different plant tribes.